{"id":61602,"date":"2011-11-17T17:01:48","date_gmt":"2011-11-17T16:01:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/?page_id=61602"},"modified":"2011-11-17T17:16:16","modified_gmt":"2011-11-17T16:16:16","slug":"hamea-tiri","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/hamea-tiri\/","title":{"rendered":"Ham\u00e9a-T\u00eer\u00ee"},"content":{"rendered":"

This page was produced in collaboration with Claire Moyse-Faurie (Director of Research, LACITO-CNRS) .<\/em><\/p>\n

Data on Ham\u00e9a-t\u00eer\u00ee<\/h5>\n

Ham\u00e9a and T\u00eer\u00ee are two dialects of the same language<\/em><\/p>\n

Alternative names<\/strong>: Different names of the two dialects:<\/p>\n

– Ham\u00e9a, Xaa M\u00e9a (Language of M\u00e9a) et X\u00e2y\u00e2\u00e2 (X\u00e2r\u00e2c\u00f9\u00f9 name given by the people of Canala)<\/p>\n

– T\u00eer\u00ee (spelt \u2018tinrin\u2019 by Osumi), Tiri, C\u00ee\u00eer\u00ee, Language of Couli.<\/p>\n

Geographic area<\/strong>: New Caledonia, in the X\u00e2r\u00e2c\u00f9\u00f9 custom area.<\/p>\n

Ham\u00e9a is spoken in a handful of villages at the bottom of the Kouaoua River Valley (Kono\u00e9-Chaou\u00e9, W\u00e9rupim\u00e9, Waabe) and in Katrikoin, on the other side of the central mountain range in Moindou commune. Ham\u00e9a was formerly spoken in other villages, in particular M\u00e9a-M\u00e9bara, a fact which is reflected in the name of the village; though there are no longer any active speakers there. Surrounded by two \u2018large\u2019 languages \u2013 Aji\u00eb to the north and X\u00e2r\u00e2c\u00f9\u00f9 to the South \u2013 the Ham\u00e9a linguistic area has gradually grown smaller. T\u00eer\u00ee is spoken in Couli\/Sarram\u00e9a in Petit Couli and Grand Couli and, mixed with other languages, in La Foa, Pocquereux, Katrikoin and Sarram\u00e9a.<\/p>\n

Classification<\/strong>: As with all Kanak languages<\/a> (with the exception of West Uvean\/Fagauvea), Ham\u00e9a-T\u00eer\u00ee is part of the Oceanic branch of the Austronesian Family<\/a>. The Kanak languages of Grande Terre and the Loyalty Islands form a sub-group of this Oceanic branch. Amongst the other languages of Grand Terre, Ham\u00e9a-T\u00eer\u00ee is part of the Southern languages group, along with Aji\u00eb, X\u00e2r\u00e2c\u00f9\u00f9<\/a> and X\u00e2r\u00e2gur\u00e8<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Number of speakers<\/strong>: No more than 300 speakers of Ham\u00e9a according to Claire Moyse-Fauri (C.P.) and about the same for T\u00eer\u00ee. The census of 2009 identifies 596 speakers of T\u00eer\u00ee over the age of 14, figures which also include speakers of Ham\u00e9a. This number includes a dozen or so speakers who reside in Noum\u00e9a or in surrounding communities.<\/p>\n

Vitality and transmission<\/strong>: UNESCO considers both T\u00eer\u00ee and Ham\u00e9a \u201cseverely endangered\u201d. As mentioned earlier, the Ham\u00e9a linguistic area is continuously growing smaller, under pressure from other Kanak languages such as X\u00e2r\u00e2c\u00f9\u00f9 (widely used as a lingua franca in the X\u00e2r\u00e2c\u00f9\u00f9 Aire coutumi\u00e8re) and Aji\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Literature<\/strong>: G.W. Grace published a dictionary in 1976 which also included both entries common to both T\u00eer\u00ee and Ham\u00e9a, which he calls Mea, and entries which are specific to each of the varieties. M. Osumi published a grammar in 1995. Aside from the narrative included in the appendix of that grammar, a story called \u201cThe Eagles of Me\u00efo\u201d has been published in T\u00eer\u00ee by Edmond Kawa. The ethnologist P. Pillon has published several articles based on his study of the \u201cvivaa\u201d oral tradition of the M\u00e9a-M\u00e9bara region (see for example Journal de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Oc\u00e9anistes, 94 : 81-101).<\/p>\n

The production of a thematic Ham\u00e9a-French dictionary is underway, a collaboration of the North Province and LACITO.<\/p>\n

Media<\/strong>: Additionally, the Sorosoro programme spent time creating an audiovisual production in Ham\u00e9a in October-November 2010. Production of several short films based on the images and sounds collected at the time is currently ongoing. These will be, to our knowledge, the first audiovisual resources available in Ham\u00e9a.<\/p>\n

\n

Bibliography<\/h5>\n

GRACE, George W. 1976. Grand Couli Dictionary<\/em>. Canberra, Australian National University, Pacific Linguistics C-12.<\/p>\n

MOYSE-FAURIE, Claire, to be published. Dictionnaire th\u00e9matique ham\u00e9a-fran\u00e7ais, pr\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 d\u2019une introduction grammaticale<\/em>. Province Nord de la Nouvelle-Cal\u00e9donie.<\/p>\n

N\u00c9MOUAR\u00c9, Yasmina, 2003. Proposition d’\u00e9criture et lexique du ham\u00e9a (Kouaoua)<\/em>. Noum\u00e9a, Agence de D\u00e9veloppement de la Culture Kanak, Programme 2003 de collecte des traditions orales de l’aire x\u00e2r\u00e2c\u00f9\u00f9.<\/p>\n

OSUMI, Midori, 1995. Tinrin Grammar<\/em>. Honolulu, University of Hawai’i Press, Oceanic Linguistics Special Publication n\u00b025.<\/p>\n

PILLON, Patrick, 2002. “C\u00e9r\u00e9monies de l\u2019igname nouvelle, int\u00e9gration sociale, modalit\u00e9s binaires et ternaires en pays M\u00e8a (Nouvelle-Cal\u00e9donie)”, Journal de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Oc\u00e9anistes <\/em>114-115, 129-140.<\/p>\n

\n

Internet links<\/h5>\n

Article about T\u00eeri<\/a> (in French), on the Corpus de la parole website, by the General Commission on the French Language and the Languages of France (DGLFLF).<\/p>\n

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This page was produced in collaboration with Claire Moyse-Faurie (Director of Research, LACITO-CNRS) . Data on Ham\u00e9a-t\u00eer\u00ee Ham\u00e9a and T\u00eer\u00ee are two dialects of the same language Alternative names: Different names of the two dialects: – Ham\u00e9a, Xaa M\u00e9a (Language of M\u00e9a) et X\u00e2y\u00e2\u00e2 (X\u00e2r\u00e2c\u00f9\u00f9 name given by the people of Canala) – T\u00eer\u00ee (spelt […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-61602","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nHam\u00e9a-T\u00eer\u00ee - Sorosoro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/hamea-tiri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ham\u00e9a-T\u00eer\u00ee - Sorosoro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This page was produced in collaboration with Claire Moyse-Faurie (Director of Research, LACITO-CNRS) . 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