{"id":40740,"date":"2011-02-12T07:05:20","date_gmt":"2011-02-12T06:05:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/?page_id=40740"},"modified":"2011-02-12T07:19:07","modified_gmt":"2011-02-12T06:19:07","slug":"mingrelian","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/","title":{"rendered":"Mingrelian"},"content":{"rendered":"

Page created by David Rapava, creator of the “Association for Survival of Mingrelian language”. 2011.<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

Data on the Mingrelian language<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Alternative names\/spellings: <\/strong>Megrelian<\/p>\n

Classification: <\/strong><\/p>\n

South Caucasian<\/a> (Kartvelian Languages)<\/p>\n

Main dialects<\/strong>:\u00a0 There is two main dialects: Zugdidi-Samurzakano \u00a0and Senaki <\/strong><\/p>\n

Area: <\/strong><\/p>\n

Mingrelian is spoken in Western\u00a0Georgia\u00a0(regions of\u00a0Samegrelo\u00a0and\u00a0Abkhazia )<\/p>\n

Number of speakers<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

About 450000 according to David Rapava<\/p>\n

Language status:<\/strong><\/p>\n

No official status, Mingrelian on present is only a language of communication.<\/p>\n

Vitality & transmission:<\/strong><\/p>\n

According to UNESCO Mingrelian language is \u201cdefinitely endangered\u201d.<\/p>\n

Situation differs\u00a0 from one district to another from \u00a0\u201cvulnerable\u201d to \u201cseverely endangered\u201d. The position of Mingrelian among younger generations is precarious.
\nThe use and transmission of the language is declining rapidly.<\/p>\n

Historical observations<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Mingrelian is closely related to\u00a0Laz<\/a>, from which it has differentiated mostly in the last 500 years, after the northern (Mingrelian) and southern (Laz) communities were separated by Turkic invasions. It is somewhat less closely related to Georgian (the two branches having separated in the first millennium BC or earlier) and even more distantly related to\u00a0Svan<\/a> (which is believed to have branched off in the 2nd millennium BC or earlier). Mingrelian is not\u00a0mutually intelligible<\/a> with any of those other languages, although it is said that its speakers can recognize many Laz words.<\/p>\n

From 1930 to 1938 several newspapers were published in Mingrelian, such as <\/em>Kazaxishi Gazeti<\/em><\/a>,\u00a0Komuna<\/a><\/em>,\u00a0Samargalosh Chai<\/a><\/em>,\u00a0Narazenish Chai<\/a><\/em>, and\u00a0Samargalosh Tutumi<\/a><\/em>. More recently, there has been some revival of the language, with the publication of dictionaries \u2014 Mingrelian-Georgian by\u00a0Otar Kajaia<\/a>, and Mingrelian-German by Otar Kajaia and\u00a0Heinz F\u00e4hnrich<\/a> \u2014 and poetry books by\u00a0Lasha Gaxaria<\/a>,\u00a0Edem Izoria<\/a>,\u00a0Lasha Gvasalia<\/a>,\u00a0Guri Otobaia<\/a>,\u00a0Giorgi Sichinava<\/a>,\u00a0Jumber Kukava<\/a>, and\u00a0Vaxtang Xarchilava<\/a>.<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

Links<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Mingrelian poetry<\/a><\/p>\n

Mingrelian-Georgian online dictionary<\/a><\/p>\n

TITUS Caucasica: Megrelisch<\/a> (German)\u00a0:<\/p>\n

Bibliography
\n<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Aleksandre Tsagareli\u00a0(1880),\u00a0Megrelskie Etiudi, Analiz Fonetiki Megrelskogo Yazika<\/em> (“Megrelian Studies \u2014 The Analysis of Phonetics of Megrelian Language”).\u00a0(Russian)<\/p>\n

Ioseb Kipshidze<\/a> (1914),\u00a0Grammatika Mingrel\u2019skogo (Iverskogo) Jazyka<\/em> (“Grammar of Megrelian (Iverian) Language”)<\/a>.\u00a0(Russian)<\/p>\n

Shalva Beridze\u00a0(1920),\u00a0Megruli (Iveriuli) Ena<\/em> (“Megrelian (Iverian) Language”).\u00a0(Georgian)<\/p>\n

Laurence Broers\u00a0(2004),\u00a0Containing the Nation, Building the State – Coping with Nationalism, Minorities, and Conflict in Post-Soviet Georgia<\/em><\/p>\n

.\u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10dd\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8\u10d0 (Mingrelian poetry) Publishing House ,,Bakmi\u2019\u2019 Tbilisi, Georgia 2007<\/p>\n

Giorgi Sichinava,\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 (Nanashi nina) Mingrelian\u00a0 Abc-book\u00a0 Tbilisi,Georgia 2002<\/p>\n

Alio Qobalia, \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 (Mingrelian dictionary),Tbilisi 2010 Publishing house ,,Artanuji,,<\/p>\n

Otar kajaia \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10e0\u10e3\u10da-\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 (Mingrelian-Georgian Dictionary) 4 Volumes\u00a0\u00a0 Publishing House ,,Nekeri,\u2019\u2019 Tbilisi ,Georgia<\/p>\n

Otar kadshaia Heints Fahnrich , Mingrelisch-Deutsches W\u00f6rterbuch\u00a0 Reichert,Wiesbaden, Germany 2001<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Page created by David Rapava, creator of the “Association for Survival of Mingrelian language”. 2011. Data on the Mingrelian language Alternative names\/spellings: Megrelian Classification: South Caucasian (Kartvelian Languages) Main dialects:\u00a0 There is two main dialects: Zugdidi-Samurzakano \u00a0and Senaki Area: Mingrelian is spoken in Western\u00a0Georgia\u00a0(regions of\u00a0Samegrelo\u00a0and\u00a0Abkhazia ) Number of speakers: About 450000 according to David Rapava […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-40740","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nMingrelian - Sorosoro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mingrelian - Sorosoro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Page created by David Rapava, creator of the “Association for Survival of Mingrelian language”. 2011. Data on the Mingrelian language Alternative names\/spellings: Megrelian Classification: South Caucasian (Kartvelian Languages) Main dialects:\u00a0 There is two main dialects: Zugdidi-Samurzakano \u00a0and Senaki Area: Mingrelian is spoken in Western\u00a0Georgia\u00a0(regions of\u00a0Samegrelo\u00a0and\u00a0Abkhazia ) Number of speakers: About 450000 according to David Rapava […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Sorosoro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2011-02-12T06:19:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/\",\"name\":\"Mingrelian - Sorosoro\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2011-02-12T06:05:20+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2011-02-12T06:19:07+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Mingrelian\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/\",\"name\":\"Sorosoro\",\"description\":\"Pour que vivent les langues du monde !\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Mingrelian - Sorosoro","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Mingrelian - Sorosoro","og_description":"Page created by David Rapava, creator of the “Association for Survival of Mingrelian language”. 2011. Data on the Mingrelian language Alternative names\/spellings: Megrelian Classification: South Caucasian (Kartvelian Languages) Main dialects:\u00a0 There is two main dialects: Zugdidi-Samurzakano \u00a0and Senaki Area: Mingrelian is spoken in Western\u00a0Georgia\u00a0(regions of\u00a0Samegrelo\u00a0and\u00a0Abkhazia ) Number of speakers: About 450000 according to David Rapava […]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/","og_site_name":"Sorosoro","article_modified_time":"2011-02-12T06:19:07+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/","url":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/","name":"Mingrelian - Sorosoro","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2011-02-12T06:05:20+00:00","dateModified":"2011-02-12T06:19:07+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/mingrelian\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Mingrelian"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/","name":"Sorosoro","description":"Pour que vivent les langues du monde !","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/40740","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40740"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/40740\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40740"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}