{"id":22976,"date":"2010-07-07T14:04:21","date_gmt":"2010-07-07T12:04:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/?page_id=22976"},"modified":"2011-06-14T11:36:24","modified_gmt":"2011-06-14T09:36:24","slug":"ainu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/ainu\/","title":{"rendered":"Ainu"},"content":{"rendered":"


\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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This index was compiled by Pierre Rudloff<\/strong>, student of Modern Languages (Japanese) at the University of Strasbourg. 2010<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

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<\/strong><\/p>\n

Data on Ainu<\/strong><\/h5>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Alternative names:<\/strong> Ainu Itak ( \u30a2\u30a4\u30cc \u30a4\u30bf\u30af<\/sub>), Ainugo ( \u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u8a9e)<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Classification<\/strong>: Language isolate<\/p>\n

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<\/strong><\/p>\n

Area:<\/strong> Hokkaid\u014d, Japon<\/p>\n

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<\/strong><\/p>\n

Number of speakers<\/strong>: 15<\/p>\n

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<\/strong><\/p>\n

Language status<\/strong>: No official status.<\/p>\n

There exists nevertheless bilingual signposting in Ainu language zones.<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Vitality & transmission:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Ainu is close to extinction<\/strong>, which UNESCO considers to be \u201cin critical condition\u201d<\/strong>: there are only a dozen native Ainu speakers who truly master the language, and it hasn\u2019t been passed down to the new generations.<\/p>\n

In Japan, 150 000 people claim Ainu descent (a number which excludes those who are either unaware of their Ainu roots, or who prefer to conceal their Ainu heritage for fear of discrimination). Of this number, the vast majority speak only Japanese.<\/p>\n

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<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sociolinguistic observations<\/strong><\/h5>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

In the past, Ainu was mostly spoken<\/strong> on the islands of Honsh\u016b and Sakhaline<\/strong>. Up until the middle of the 19th<\/sup> century, it was also widely spoken on the Kuril Islands. However, Ainu is now in danger of extinction. In 1996, Ainu speakers numbered only a dozen \u2013 all of whom were over 80 years of age.<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

Linguistic observations<\/strong><\/h5>\n

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Ainu is a language isolate<\/strong> i.e. linguistic specialists have been unable to establish any linguistic relations with other languages.<\/p>\n

From a typological perspective<\/strong>, Ainu somewhat resembles Paleo-Siberian languages<\/strong>. Ainu shares a certain number of loanwords with Nivkh, as well as with Japanese. However some Ainu roots have clear Siberian origins. For example, *it<\/em> (\u201clanguage, word\u201d) can be traced back to Samoyedic.<\/p>\n

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<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sources & Links<\/strong><\/h5>\n

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Shibatani, Masayoshi (1990). The Languages of Japan<\/em>. <\/em>Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<\/p>\n

Wikipedia : http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ainu_language<\/a><\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This index was compiled by Pierre Rudloff, student of Modern Languages (Japanese) at the University of Strasbourg. 2010. Data on Ainu Alternative names: Ainu Itak ( \u30a2\u30a4\u30cc \u30a4\u30bf\u30af), Ainugo ( \u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u8a9e) Classification: Language isolate Area: Hokkaid\u014d, Japon Number of speakers: 15 Language status: No official status. There exists nevertheless bilingual signposting in Ainu language zones. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-22976","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nAinu - Sorosoro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/ainu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ainu - Sorosoro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This index was compiled by Pierre Rudloff, student of Modern Languages (Japanese) at the University of Strasbourg. 2010. 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