{"id":16430,"date":"2010-04-01T18:43:46","date_gmt":"2010-04-01T16:43:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/?page_id=16430"},"modified":"2010-04-01T18:43:46","modified_gmt":"2010-04-01T16:43:46","slug":"bambara","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/bambara\/","title":{"rendered":"Bambara"},"content":{"rendered":"

Data gathered by the Latin Union<\/a>, engaged to promote the cultural heritages of their 37 state members.<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/em><\/p>\n

Data on Bambara<\/strong><\/h5>\n

\n

Alternative names:<\/strong> Julakan, Bamanankan, Bamanan, Jurakan, Malinke, Dioula, Dyula<\/p>\n

\n

Classification:<\/strong> Mande<\/a>, Eastern Mandinka.<\/p>\n

\n

Area: <\/strong>Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Mali, Senegal<\/p>\n

\n

Number of speakers:<\/strong> 9,000,000<\/p>\n

\n

Malherbe (1983) quoted only 6 million speakers.<\/p>\n

\n

DGLFLF quotes 12 million speakers all together.<\/p>\n

\n

Campbell (2000) quotes 2 million speakers in Mali.<\/p>\n

Language status:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

Burkina Faso: No official status<\/p>\n

\n

Ivory Coast: No official status<\/p>\n

\n

Guinea: No official status<\/p>\n

\n

Mali: National language \/ lingua franca<\/p>\n

\n

Senegal: No official status<\/p>\n

\n

Vitality & transmission:<\/h5>\n

\n

We have no information regarding the vitality of Bambara. It is probably not endangered, at least in Mali.<\/p>\n

\n

Media:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

Radio: Bama Ken (Mali)<\/p>\n

\n

Radio: Kayira (Mali)<\/p>\n

\n

Radio-Kl\u00e9du (Mali)<\/p>\n

\n

Radio-Libert\u00e9 (Mali)<\/p>\n

\n

Radio-Mali (official radio organ)<\/p>\n

\n

Malian TV: airtime relatively balanced between Bambara and French.<\/p>\n

\n

Literature:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

Jekabaara (Travaillons ensemble <\/em>(\u201cWorking Together\u201d), Malian monthly newspaper launched in 1986. Jekabaara has a circulation of between 3,000 and 13,000 copies)<\/p>\n

\n

Kalamene (Le Flambeau<\/em> (\u201cThe Beacon\u201d), Malian newspaper launched in July 1992. 5,000 copies.)<\/p>\n

\n

Kibaru (La Nouvelle<\/em> (\u201cThe News\u201d), Malian monthly review launched on March 10, 1972, circulation of between 12,000 and 17,000 copies)<\/p>\n

\n

Kote (newspaper)<\/p>\n

\n

Nieta (newspaper)<\/p>\n

\n

Programs on the R\u00e9seau africain des radios rurales et locales<\/em> (\u201cAfrican network of rural and local radios\u201d)<\/p>\n

\n

Instruction:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

The Malian education system has included the use of Bambara for the past 20 years (primary school, literacy teaching\u2026).<\/p>\n

\n

Historical observations<\/h5>\n

A bit of history\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

1967: Bambara has been written in roman characters since then. Although rarely used as a script, its spelling system is now relatively stable.<\/p>\n

\n

80s: First efforts of teaching the national languages to Malian children.<\/p>\n

\n

March, 1991: Coup d\u2019etat in Mali, and establishment of a new regime. Early developments of independent radio stations which begin to broadcast in Bambara.<\/p>\n

\n

1992 Constitution: The use of Bambara is approved in court for verbal exchange between judges and defendants, including in courts of appeal.<\/p>\n

\n

Sources, additional bibliography & links for more information<\/h5>\n

\n

CANUT, C\u00e9cile (1996), Dynamiques linguistiques au Mali, CIRELFA \/ Agence de la Francophonie, diffusion Didier Erudition, coll. Langues et D\u00e9veloppement.<\/p>\n

\n

CANUT, C\u00e9cile, KEITA, Boniface (1994), \u00ab Dynamique linguistique en zone mandingue : attitudes et comportements \u00bb, in G. Dumestre et al., Strat\u00e9gies communicatives au Mali : langues r\u00e9gionales, bambara, fran\u00e7ais, coll. Langues et D\u00e9veloppement, Didier Erudition, pp. 89-161.<\/p>\n

\n

DOMBROWSKY, Klaudia (1994), \u00ab La situation socio-linguistique du sud du Mali (pays mynianka) \u00bb, in G. Dumestre et al., Strat\u00e9gies communicatives au Mali : langues r\u00e9gionales, bambara, fran\u00e7ais, coll. Langues et D\u00e9veloppement, Didier Erudition, pp. 13-86.<\/p>\n

\n

DUMESTRE, G\u00e9rard et al. (1994), Strat\u00e9gies communicatives au Mali : langues r\u00e9gionales, bambara, fran\u00e7ais, coll. Langues et D\u00e9veloppement, Didier Erudition.<\/p>\n

\n

DUMESTRE, G\u00e9rard (1994), \u00ab La dynamique des langues au Mali : le trin\u00f4me langues r\u00e9gionales \u2013 bambara \u2013 fran\u00e7ais \u00bb, in G. Dumestre et al., Strat\u00e9gies communicatives au Mali : langues r\u00e9gionales, bambara, fran\u00e7ais, coll. Langues et D\u00e9veloppement, Didier Erudition, pp. 3-11.<\/p>\n

\n

DUMESTRE, G\u00e9rard (1994), \u00ab Le bambara dans la presse orale \u00bb, in G. Dumestre et al., Strat\u00e9gies communicatives au Mali : langues r\u00e9gionales, bambara, fran\u00e7ais, coll. Langues et D\u00e9veloppement, Didier Erudition, pp. 281-308.<\/p>\n

\n

MALHERBE, Michel (1983), Les langages de l\u2019humanit\u00e9, Seghers.<\/p>\n

\n

PLUNGIAN, Vladimir A., TEMBINE, Issiaka (1994), \u00ab Vers une description sociolinguistique du pays dogon : attitudes linguistiques et probl\u00e8mes de standardisation \u00bb, in G. Dumestre et al., Strat\u00e9gies communicatives au Mali : langues r\u00e9gionales, bambara, fran\u00e7ais, coll. Langues et D\u00e9veloppement, Didier Erudition, pp. 163-195.<\/p>\n

\n

SKATTUM, Ingse (1994), \u00ab La presse \u00e9crite au Mali : un \u00e9tat des lieux \u00bb, in G. Dumestre et al., Strat\u00e9gies communicatives au Mali : langues r\u00e9gionales, bambara, fran\u00e7ais, coll. Langues et D\u00e9veloppement, Didier Erudition, pp. 309-345.<\/p>\n

\n

DGLF<\/p>\n

\n

http:\/\/www.culture.fr\/culture\/dglf\/bpi\/bambara.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Data gathered by the Latin Union, engaged to promote the cultural heritages of their 37 state members. Data on Bambara Alternative names: Julakan, Bamanankan, Bamanan, Jurakan, Malinke, Dioula, Dyula Classification: Mande, Eastern Mandinka. Area: Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Mali, Senegal Number of speakers: 9,000,000 Malherbe (1983) quoted only 6 million speakers. DGLFLF quotes 12 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-16430","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nBambara - Sorosoro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorosoro.org\/en\/bambara\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bambara - Sorosoro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Data gathered by the Latin Union, engaged to promote the cultural heritages of their 37 state members. Data on Bambara Alternative names: Julakan, Bamanankan, Bamanan, Jurakan, Malinke, Dioula, Dyula Classification: Mande, Eastern Mandinka. 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